{"id":650,"date":"2024-03-13T10:28:39","date_gmt":"2024-03-13T10:28:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/?p=650"},"modified":"2024-03-13T10:28:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T10:28:58","slug":"may-tinh-luong-tu-2024-no-la-gi-va-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/computador-quantico-2024-o-que-e-e-como-funciona\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed 2024: N\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u0103m 2024 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u01b0ng suy cho c\u00f9ng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bit (0 v\u00e0 1) \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qubit. Qubit c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f9ng l\u00fac nh\u1edd nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t qubit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb 0, 1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai, cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1eebng l\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00edu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c qubit \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qubit (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 0 ho\u1eb7c 1) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a qubit kia, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Giao thoa l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Giao thoa l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00fang x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang trong khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t sai, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang cho m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • m\u1eadt m\u00e3<\/strong>: \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thu\u1ed1c<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong>: T\u1eeb h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/strong>: C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Qubit<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef cho qubit \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • L\u1ed7i Qubit<\/strong>: L\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qubit m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng bi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf kh\u00f3a<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      O ano de 2024 marcou um ponto de inflex\u00e3o na hist\u00f3ria da computa\u00e7\u00e3o com os avan\u00e7os significativos no desenvolvimento do computador qu\u00e2ntico. Essa nova era da tecnologia promete revolucionar diversas \u00e1reas, desde a criptografia at\u00e9 a pesquisa de novos medicamentos, oferecendo um poder de processamento antes inimagin\u00e1vel. Mas, afinal, o que \u00e9 um computador qu\u00e2ntico […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":651,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-650","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tecnologia"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=650"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":653,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/650\/revisions\/653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geeksmob.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}